Ramadan is considered one of the holiest months in the Islamic calendar and is observed by Muslims worldwide through fasting. This month-long period involves abstaining from food, drink and other physical needs during daylight hours.

Muslims believe that Ramadan is a time of spiritual reflection and growth and a time to renew one's connection with Allah (God). Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam and so, therefore, is mandatory for all able-bodied adult Muslims who have reached puberty.

The fast begins at dawn, with a pre-dawn meal called ’suhoor’, and ends at sunset with the ‘iftar’ meal. During the fast, Muslims are not allowed to eat or drink anything, including water, and must also abstain from smoking, engaging in sexual activity, and other physical needs.

Fasting during Ramadan is more than just abstaining from food and drink. It is also about controlling one's thoughts and emotions and striving to become a better person. Muslims are also encouraged to do their normal daily activities including going to work and prayers. Muslims are encouraged to increase their prayers and recitation of the Quran during this month and to be more charitable and kinder to others.

Ramadan is also a time of community and togetherness. Muslims often gather to break their fast with an iftar meal. They also participate in Taraweeh prayers – special prayers performed after the nightly prayer during Ramadan.

There are exceptions to fasting during Ramadan. Children who have not reached puberty, the elderly, pregnant and nursing women, and people who are sick or travelling are not permitted to fast. However, they are expected to make up the missed days of fasting at a later time or make a donation to charity to help feed the poor.

In addition to fasting, Ramadan is also a time of celebration and joy. The month ends with a three-day festival called Eid al-Fitr, which is marked by feasting, giving and receiving gifts, and spending time with family and friends.

In conclusion, Ramadan is a month of spiritual growth and renewal for Muslims worldwide. Fasting during Ramadan is a way to connect with God, control one's thoughts and emotions, and strive to become a better person. It is a time of community and togetherness, as Muslims gather together to break their fast and perform special prayers. Ramadan is a celebration of faith, and it reminds us of the importance of charity, kindness, and gratitude."

Ramadan Mubarak.

Samar Haikal, Organisational Development Assistant in HR at Leeds Trinity University.